Saturday, July 3, 2021

Biological families of spices

    I decided to make a list of spices sorted by their biological families. I noticed a few families kept coming up when I looked for information on some spices. Now that I made the list though, I realized that most of them are in families by themselves.


    -The 140 spices on the list belong to a total of 47 families

    -27 of the families (57%) only contain one spice

    -The most varied families (of ones that have more than three spices) are Fabaceae and Malvaceae,        each of which are comprised of spices that are all in different categories from each other

    -The least varied family (of ones that have more than three spices) is Piperaceae, which is comprised     entirely of spices from the peppercorns category

    -Poaceae, thought to be the world's most economically important plant family, only produces one             spice


Click here to see the original full list


Solanaceae (Nightshades)

Aleppo peppers - Capiscum annuum

Ancho chiles - Capiscum annuum

Arbol chiles - Capiscum annuum

Banana peppers - Capiscum annuum

Bird's Eye peppers - Capiscum annuum

Byadagi chillis - Capiscum annuum

Cascabel chiles - Capiscum annuum

Cayenne peppers - Capiscum annuum

Chipotle chiles - Capiscum annuum

Guajillo chiles - Capiscum annuum

Guntur chillis - Capiscum annuum

Habanero peppers - Capsicum chinense

Kashmiri chillis - Capiscum annuum

Korean chili peppers - Capiscum annuum

New Mexico chiles - Capiscum annuum

Pasilla chiles - Capiscum annuum

Pequin peppers - Capiscum annuum

Puya peppers - Capiscum annuum

Akudjura - Solanum centrale

Sweet peppers - Capiscum annuum

Tomato - Solanum lycopersicum


Apiaceae (Celeries/Carrots/Parsleys)

Wild carrot seeds - Daucus carota

Anise - Pimpinella anisum

Angelica - Angelica archangelica

Cicely - Myrrhis odorata

Fennel pollen - Foeniculum vulgare

Fennel - Foeniculum vulgare

Caraway - Carum carvi

Celery seeds - Apium graveolens

Coriander - Coriandrum sativum

Dill pollen - Anethum graveolens

Dill seeds - Anethum graveolens

Hogweed seeds - Heracleum sphondylium

Lovage seeds - Levisticum officinale

Radhuni - Trachyspermum roxburghianum

Golpar - Heracleum persicum

Asafoetida - Ferula assa-foetida

Silphium - Ferula ?

Ajwain - Trachyspermum ammi

Cumin - Cuminum cyminum

Kalajeera - Bunium bulbocastanum


Zingiberaceae (Gingers)

Alligator pepper - Aframomum danielli

Grains of paradise - Aframomum melegueta

Cardamom - Elettaria cardamomum

Korarima - Aframomum corrorima

Greater galangal - Alpinia galanga

Ginger - Zingiber officinale

Kachai - Boesenbergia rotunda

Lesser galangal - Alpinia officinarum

Spiked ginger lily - Hedychium spicatum

Zedoary - Curcuma zedoaria

Black cardamom - Amomum subulatum

Turmeric - Curcuma longa


Lauraceae (Laurels)

Maqaw pepper - Litsea cubeba

Bay laurel berries - Laurus nobilis

Cassia buds - Cinnamomum cassia

Cassia cinnamon - Cinnamomum cassia

Ceylon cinnamon - Cinnamomum verum

Spicebush berries - Lindera benzoin


Piperaceae (Peppers)

Black pepper - Piper nigrum

Cubeb pepper - Piper cubeba

Long pepper - Piper longum

Uziza pepper - Piper guineense

Voatsiperifery pepper - Piper borbonense


Anacardiaceae (Cashews/Sumacs)

Pink pepper - Schinus molle

Chironji - Buchanania lanzan

Amchoor - Mangifera indica

Sumac - Rhus coriaria

Mastic - Pistacia lentiscus


Asteraceae (Asters/Daisies/Sunflowers)

Chamomile - Anthemis nobilis

Safflower - Carthamus tinctorius

Niger seeds - Guizotia abyssinica

Paracress - Acmella oleracea

Chicory - Cichorium intybus


Rutaceae (Rues/Citruses)

Sansho pepper - Zanthoxylum piperitum

Szechuan pepper - Zanthoxylum piperitum

Orange flowers - Citrus sinensis

Citrus rind - Citrus sp.


Fabaceae (Legumes)

Licorice - Glycyrrhiza glabra

Fenugreek - Trigonella foenum-graecum

Wattleseed - Acacia aneura

Tonka - Dipteryx odorata


Malvaceae (Mallows)

Musk mallow seeds - Abelmoschus moschatus

Roselle - Hibiscus sabdariffa

Kapok buds - Ceiba pentandra

Cocoa - Theobroma cacao


Brassicaceae (Brassicas)

Horseradish - Armoracia rusticana

Mustard - Sinapis alba

Wasabi - Eutrema japonicum

Maca - Lepidium meyenii


Myrtaceae (Myrtles)

Allspice - Pimenta dioica

Cloves - Syzygium aromaticum

Myrtle berries - Myrtus communis


Rosaceae (Roses)

Avens - Geum urbanum

Rose - Rosa sp.

Mahleb - Prunus mahaleb


Myristicaceae (Nutmegs)

Mace - Myristica fragrans

Nutmeg - Myristica fragrans

Rampatri - Myristica malabarica


Lamiaceae (Mints)

Perilla seeds - Perilla frutescens

Lavender - Lavandula sp.

Chia seeds - Salvia hispanica


Amaryllidaceae

Garlic - Allium sativum

Onions - Allium cepa

Black garlic - Allium sativum


Winteraceae

Dorrigo pepper - Tasmannia stipitata

Tasmanian pepper - Tasmannia lanceolata


Annonaceae (Custard apples)

Grains of Selim - Xylopia aethiopica

African nutmeg - Monodora myristica


Iridaceae

Orris - Iris pallida

Saffron - Crocus sativus


Huaceae

Country onions - Afrostyrax lepidophyllus

Country onion bark - Afrostyrax lepidophyllus


Magnoliaceae (Magnolias)

Gioi pepper - Michelia tonkinensis


Tropaeolaceae (Nasturtiums)

Nasturtium flowers - Tropaeolum majus


Euphorbiaceae (Spurges)

Njangsa - Ricinodendron heudelotii


Caricaceae (Papayas)

Papaya seeds - Carica papaya


Caprifoliaceae (Honeysuckles)

Spikenard - Nardostachys jatamansi


Schisandraceae

Star anise - Illicium verum


Adoxaceae (Moschatels)

Elderflowers - Sambucus nigra


Oleaceae (Olives)

Jasmine - Jasminum officinale


Capparaceae (Capers)

Capers - Capparis spinosa


Ranunculaceae (Buttercups)

Nigella - Nigella sativa


Arecaceae (Palms)

Coconuts - Cocos nucifera


Papaveraceae (Poppies)

Poppy seeds - Papaver somniferum


Pedaliaceae (Sesames)

Sesame seeds - Sesamum indicum


Lythraceae

Anardana - Punica granatum


Berberidaceae (Barberries)

Barberries - Berberis vulgaris


Cucurbitaceae (Gourds)

Kachri - Cucumis pubescens


Clusiaceae

Kokum - Garcinia indica


Cannabaceae

Hops - Humulus lupulus


Cupressaceae (Cypresses)

Juniper berries - Juniperus communis


Bixaceae (Achiotes)

Annatto - Bixa orellana


Araliaceae

Ginseng - Panax ginseng


Rubiaceae (Madders)

Coffee - Coffee arabica


Cleomaceae

Jakhya - Cleome viscosa


Calophyllaceae

Nagkesar - Mammea longifolia


Santalaceae (Sandalwoods)

Sandalwood - Santalum album


Poaceae (Grasses)

Vetiver - Chrysopogon zizanioides


Orchidaceae (Orchids)

Vanilla - Vanilla planifolia

No comments:

Post a Comment

Fish fillets, roast potatoes with maqaw mayonnaise

This recipe originally from:  https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/feat/archives/2016/11/26/2003660008 Fish fillets, roast potatoes with maqaw m...